摘 要： 淫羊藿苷是传统补益中药淫羊藿的有效单体成分，既往研究证明其具有抗炎、抗骨质疏松、抗肿瘤和免疫调节等药理作用。心血管疾病严重威胁着人类的健康，近年来，越来越多的研究证实了淫羊藿苷对心血管疾病具有保护作用，包括抗动脉粥样硬化、改善高血压、改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤以及抗心力衰竭等方面。淫羊藿苷的抗动脉粥样硬化作用包括保护血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞，抑制泡沫巨噬细胞的凋亡，降低体内血脂水平，减少白色脂肪的堆积。淫羊藿苷作为植物类雌激素，降低血压作用较为温和，并可以减轻高血压性肾脏病理损害。淫羊藿苷能够抑制心肌细胞的炎症反应和凋亡，保护心肌缺血再灌注损伤，减轻心肌细胞肥厚及心脏纤维组织增生等病理改变，改善心室重构，降低心力衰竭的发生率。淫羊藿苷的水溶性较差，生物利用度较低，设计新型纳米载运系统可提高淫羊藿苷的载药量及靶向性，有望为预防和治疗心血管疾病提供新思路。

关键词： 淫羊藿苷 心血管疾病 动脉粥样硬化 高血压 心肌保护

中图分类号： R917文献标识码： A文章编号： 1679-3567（2024）05-0067-03

基金项目：吉林省教育厅科学研究项目（项目编号：JJKH20221071KJ）。

Cardiovascular Protective Effects of Icariin

ZHANG Yibing

The First Hospital of Jilin University， Changchun， Jilin Province， 130021 China

Abstract： Icariin is an effective monomer component of epimedium， a traditional tonic Chinese medicine， and it has been proven to have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory， anti-osteoporosis， anti-tumor and im‐munomodulatory effects by previous research. The cardiovascular disease is a serious threat to human health. In re‐cent years， more and more studies have confirmed that icariin has a protective effect on cardiovascular diseases， in‐cluding anti-atherosclerosis， the improvement of hypertension， the improvement of myocardial ischemiareperfusion injuries， anti-heart failure and other aspects. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of icariin include protecting vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells， inhibiting the apoptosis of foam macrophages， reducing blood lipid levels in the body and reducing the accumulation of white fat. Icariin， as a phytoestrogen， has a mild effect on lowering blood pressure and can alleviate hypertensive renal pathological damage. Icariin can inhibit the inflamma‐tory response and apoptosis of myocardial cells， protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries， reduce pathological changes such as myocardial cell hypertrophy and cardiac fibrous tissue proliferation， improve ventricular remodeling and reduce the incidence of heart failure. The water solubility of icariin is poor， and its bioavailability is low. Designing a novel nanocarrier system can improve the drug loading and targeting of icariin， which is expected to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Key Words： Icariin； Cardiovascular disease； Atherosclerosis； Hypertension； Myocardial preservation

淫羊藿源于小檗科植物淫羊藿、朝鮮淫羊藿、箭叶淫羊藿的干燥叶，分布于我国贵州、四川、湖南、湖北、宁夏、甘肃、内蒙古、青海等地，夏、秋季茎叶繁盛时采收，晒干或阴干。